Publications dans des revues à comité de lecture

• “Dissecting Child Penalties”, avec L. Wilner. accepté pour ILR Review. Résumé pour le grand public.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  We relate mothers' children-related labor earnings losses, child penalties, to their location in the distribution of potential hourly wages. Using French administrative data and based on an event study approach, we show that the magnitude of these earnings losses decreases steeply along that distribution. This heterogeneity is the result of low-wage mothers leaving the labor market and more frequently reducing their working hours. By contrast, fathers' labor market outcomes do not vary upon the arrival of children, regardless of their location in the distribution of potential hourly wages.
  Couverture presse

  Alternatives Économiques, BFMTV, Challenges, CNews, Cosmopolitan, Dernières Nouvelles d'Alsace, France 2, France Info, France Inter, Glamour, L'Express, L'Humanité, L'info durable, Le Figaro, Le Journal du Dimanche, Le Monde, Le Monde Diplomatique, Les Échos, Le Parisien, Mieux Vivre, Ouest France, Sciences Humaines.

• “A Decomposition of Labor Earnings Growth: Recovering Gaussianity?” avec L. Wilner. Labour Economics, 63, 101807, 2020. Résumé pour le grand public.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  Recent works have concluded that labor earnings dynamics exhibit non-Gaussian and nonlinear features. We argue in this paper that this finding is mainly due to volatility in working time. Using a non-parametric approach, we find from French data that changes in labor earnings exhibit strong asymmetry and high peakedness. However, after decomposing labor earnings growth into growth in wages and working time, deviations from Gaussianity stem from changes in working time. The nonlinearity of earnings dynamics is also mostly driven by working time dynamics at the extensive margin.
  Couverture presse

  BFMTV, Le Figaro.

• “Gender Equality on the Labour Market in France: A Slow Convergence Hampered by Motherhood”, avec D. Meurs. Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, 510-511-512, 109-130, 2019.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  In France since the 1970s, the growth in labour force has been driven largely by that of women’s participation in the labour market and the fact that they interrupt their careers less often after motherhood. Their level of education has also risen considerably, and they have, on average, been more highly educated than men since the 1990s. But these developments did not result in reducing the gender pay gap to what might have been expected: the average hourly wage gap in the private sector has remained around 20% since the mid-1990s. In this average gap, the share explained by differences in human capital (education, experience) was cancelled out and even reversed between 1968 and 2015. The persistence of the wage gap now appears to be mainly linked to the consequences of motherhood. A child’s arrival causes mothers a loss of annual income largely due to adjustments in their working time. This penalty is higher for mothers whose wages are at the bottom of the wage distribution.
  Couverture presse

  Alternatives Économiques, La Croix, Les Échos.

• “The Individual Dynamics of Wage Income in France During the Crisis”, avec L. Wilner. Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, 494-495-496, 179-199, 2017.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  The uncertain nature of future income limits the ability of agents to smooth their consumption over time. Variation in this uncertainty can thus bring about variation in well-being. We study the evolutions of the uncertainty on wage income in France before and over the course of the crisis of 2008 drawing on longitudinal administrative data. Using a non‑parametric method, we estimate the magnitude and form of this uncertainty and show that they depend on past wage income. This uncertainty is broken down into wage and working time, and according to the mobility of the wage earners. During the crisis, the magnitude of this uncertainty on future wage income increases slightly, and its downward asymmetry is stronger at both ends of the wage income scale: with this uncertainty, unfavourable evolutions have a bigger impact during the crisis than in the preceding period. This is explained by a heightened probability of unfavourable individual evolutions in terms of working time for the lowest‑paid workers, and in terms of wage for the highest-paid. Mobility is more frequent during the crisis but the uncertainty associated with it is lower than over the preceding years.

Contributions invitées

• “Telework and Productivity Three Years After the Start of the Pandemic”. Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, 539, 91-96, 2023.
  Résumé

  Depuis mars 2020, la pandémie de Covid‑19 a conduit de nombreuses entreprises et de nombreux salariés à recourir au télétravail. Les articles de Bergeaud et al. (2023) et Criscuolo et al. (2023) documentent finement les effets du télétravail sur la productivité, et plus largement sur les comportements des entreprises et des salariés, avant et pendant la crise sanitaire. Ce commentaire discute leurs résultats au regard de la connaissance incertaine que l’on avait des effets du télétravail avant la crise sanitaire, mais aussi des difficultés techniques et conceptuelles soulevées par l’estimation des conséquences du recours au télétravail. Il s’interroge enfin sur le paradoxe apparent qui veut qu’en dépit de ses effets positifs tant sur l’efficacité productive des entreprises que sur les conditions de travail des salariés, le télétravail soit resté une organisation du travail marginale avant 2020.
  Couverture presse

  L'Express.

Documents de travail

• “Do Children Explain Nurses Shortages?”, Actes des JMS 2022. en révision Résumé pour le grand public.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  Soon after they land their first job at a hospital, many French nurses become mothers and decrease their hours worked in the salaried sector. I quantify the contribution of motherhood to the labor supply lifecycle profile of French hospital nurses. My event-study estimates, based on administrative registers, show that children cause female nurses to decrease their hours worked in the salaried sector by 0.15 full-time units in average. This decrease is entirely driven by the intensive margin of labor supply, as children do not induce nurses neither to leave salaried employment nor to turn to other jobs. Motherhood explains over a third of the drop in average hours worked in the salaried sector over the first ten years of a career, and half of the decline in nursing labor supplied to the public sector.
  Couverture presse

  20 Minutes, France Info, La Croix, Le Figaro, Les Échos, Libération, Vie publique, TV5Monde

• “Job Displacement, Families and Redistribution”, avec R. Lardeux, Actes des JMS 2022.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  We leverage French longitudinal data issued from multiple administrative registers to investigate how job loss affects couple and family structure, spouses' labor supply and lastly all components that combine into household's disposable income. Our difference-in-difference estimates imply close to no effect of these large income and employment shocks on couple formation and dissolution, and fertility decisions. Spouses do not seem to adjust their labor supply in response to their partners' job loss. In the short run, unemployment insurance divides the magnitude of the income shock by a factor 2 to 3. By contrast, it provides very little insurance against the permanent component of the shock against which households are partially insured at best. These results hold regardless of the gender of the laid-off worker.

• “Keep Working and Spend Less? Collective Childcare and Parental Earnings in France” (latest draft). EconomiX Working Paper 2020-29. Résumé pour le grand public.
  Résumé (en anglais)

  I leverage the staggered expansion of subsidized childcare facilities across municipalities in response to a succession of national plans to investigate the effect of collective childcare on parents' labor outcomes and childcare choices in France between 2007 and 2015. These plans did not lead to any substantial change in parents' labor outcomes or in paid parental leave take-up. Instead, these collective childcare expansions crowded out more costly formal childcare solutions, such as childminders or at-home childcare. These crowding-out effects highlight a downside of family policy strategies that foster the coexistence of multiple childcare arrangements.
  Couverture presse

  BFMTV, Espace Social Européen, Europe 1, L'Assmat, La Provence, Le Journal des Femmes, Le Figaro, Le Parisien, Les Échos, Les Pros de la Petite Enfance, Maire Info.

Travaux en cours

• “Do Gender-Related Attitudes Explain the Child Penalty? The Case of Immigrants in France”, avec D. Meurs, première version bientôt disponible.